Server based networks

There are some the common elements of server-based networks are as follows:
The first one is a computer on the network that services or requests recourses from other computers or at list one on he network. It is also reoffered to be a human user or software sometimes. The second is a computer on the A computer on the network that manages shared resources. The third is the device that enables a workstation to connect to the network and communicate with other computers. The forth is the software that runs on a file server and enables the server to manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking functions. The next element is a server that manages shared resources. The following one is server, or other device or a client on a network that is identified by a unique identifying number, known as its network address. Then comes the physical layout of a computer network. Examples include bus, ring, star, and hybrid. The rules that the network uses to transfer data are also to be mentioned. These ensure that data are transferred whole, in sequence, and without error. The last but not the least are: the distinct units of data that are transmitted from one computer on the network to another; the scheme for assigning a unique identifying number to every device on the network; the means through which data are transmitted and received.
Nowadays there are some job specialties that are in high demand in the network field. Among them we can innumerate the following: the system administrator, the programmer, service engineer, flash developers, designers, coders and so on.
Foe example, for programmers such a job listing will be proper
* Company *URL (e.g. Example: "http://www.google.com") *Tile (Example: "PHP Programmer") *Location (city or town, state) *Category "Programming"
*Description (no more than 1000 chars) *How to apply (e.g: "Send a resume to mike@company.com")
For a system administrators: * title *institution *location(city-state) *job category *posting date *application due date *description (experience, education, salary, application requirements) * application information( postal address, website link, phone/fax/email) * additional information (incl. relevant links)
For service engineers: * category *contract terms *date * duration (implied) * contact info *location *title *description *principals/recruiters

‘MAC address is a unique identifier which is attached to most network adapters. MAC addresses, unlike IP addresses and IPX addresses, are not divided into "host" and "network" portions, so a host cannot determine, from the MAC address of another host, whether that host is on the same layer 2 network segment as the sending host or a network segment bridged to that network segment and, if it's not, cannot determine the MAC address of a router that is on the same network segment as the sending host or a segment bridged to that network segment and that can help route the packet to the destination host. This is the main difference between MAC addresses and Network layer addresses’ (1)
‘The network layer is level three of the seven level OSI model as well as of the five layer TCP/IP model. In the four layer TCP/IP reference model it is called Internet layer, which is the second layer from below. It responds to service requests from the transport layer and issues service requests to the data link layer. In essence, the network layer is responsible for end to end (source to destination) packet delivery, whereas the data link layer is responsible for node to node (hop to hop) packet delivery.’ (2)
The Session layer controls the sessions (dialogues) between computers. It manages, establishes and terminates the connections between the remote and local application. It provides for either duplex or half-duplex operation and establishes adjournment, checkpointing, termination, and restart procedures. The OSI model made this layer responsible for "graceful close" of sessions, which is a property of TCP, and also for session checkpointing and recovery, which is not usually used in the Internet protocol suite.
The Transport layer provides transparent transfer of data between end users, thus relieving the upper layers from any concern while providing reliable and cost-effective data transfer. The transport layer controls the reliability of a given link. Some protocols are state and connection orientated. The best known example of a layer 4 protocol is the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
1. www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address
2. www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_layerwww.len.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer